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COMPLETE SECONDARY EDUCATION
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- Published on Wednesday, 25 January 2012 13:10
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The senior school (10th-11th years) is the final stage in acquiring a complete general secondary education, which forms a holistic world view. Senior school graduates have developed learning and communication skills, the ability to get information from various sources and process it on their own, and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge in everyday life.
Duration. The schooling in the senior school takes 2 years. A complete secondary education may be acquired in general and specialized secondary schools, boarding schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, colleges, and other institutions of general secondary education of the ІІІ grade. A complete secondary education may also be obtained in a vocational educational institution, or institution of higher learning of the I-II accreditation levels.
Senior schools provide primarily a specialized education. The specialization of a pupil is determined on the basis of his or her preferred areas of study, available personnel and resources of the school, as well as the social-cultural and production environment and further educational prospects available for school graduates. The specialization-oriented study of a number of subjects ensures a proper level of training for school graduates sufficient for the enrollment in institutions of higher learning. Depending on the operating conditions of a specific general educational institution, the specialization-oriented teaching may be implemented on an institution-wide scale and within individual classes or pupil groups alike.
The educational content and study requirements in the senior school are divided into three levels:
- mandatory study results, which are determined by the state basic and complete secondary educational standard;
- specialization level, whose content is determined in the curricula approved by the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine;
- academic level, whose curricula focus the areas of study related to the specialization-oriented subjects (for example, physics in the chemistry-biology specialization area).
Pupils who are yet to make up their mind as regards their future specialization receive general (comprehensive) training.
Knowledge assessment. Knowledge in the senior school is measured on a 12-point scale.
The annual study load in a senior school is determined by the basic curriculum, standard curricula, working curricula of general educational institutions and so on. The basic curriculum of institutions of general education of the II-III accreditation levels is divided into invariable and variable components.
Compliance of the educational level of pupils with the educational quality standards is established through state final examinations. The content, forms, procedure, and schedule of such annual examinations are determined on an annual basis and approved by the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine.
Graduation. Pupils who have finished the 11th year of study (senior school) and acquired a complete general secondary education are school graduates. As a rule, school graduates are in the age of 16-17 years.
Pupils who have finished the 11th year of study and passed the final state examinations receive a certificate of complete general secondary education and supplement to it specifying the scores earned for educational achievements. For excellent academic achievements, graduates are awarded certificates of basic general secondary education with distinction.
Graduates who have high academic results are awarded the gold medal “For High Academic Achievements” or the silver medal “For Academic Achievements” and receive а certificate of complete general secondary education with distinction. This certificate comes with a supplement specifying the scores earned for educational achievements. Graduates of the 11th grade who fail the examination in at least one subject receive school report cards in which the mark of “failed” is placed against each such subject. Secondary school graduates are required to pass the independent external knowledge assessment test in the subjects required for the enrollment in a chosen institution of higher learning. This higher educational institution may change the list of such subjects following its enrollment requirements.
School graduates with a complete general secondary education have the right to apply for enrollment in any institution of higher learning.
BASIC SECONDARY EDUCATION
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The basic school (5-9 grades) provides a basic general secondary education, which is the foundation of secondary education for all school children, developing them to a point where they are ready to choose a form of further education and specialization. At this stage, general educational institutions create for pupils conditions for self-paced and more in-depth study of specific subjects important for the targeted higher educational institution (lyceum, gymnasium, vocational-technical school, educational institution of the І—II accreditation levels, etc.).
Duration. Schooling in the basic school takes 5 years. The right to provide a basic general secondary education is granted to general educational institutions of the 2nd accreditation level.
The study conditions in the basic school, as a rule, differ from those in the elementary school, i.e., new subjects are introduced, the teacher and class collectives change, as well as the study regime.
Knowledge assessment. The knowledge of pupils is measured on a 12-point scale, with marks ranging from 1 to 12 awarded.
The educational content of the basic school is the same for all pupils. The personal approach is implemented through individual study methods, depending on the learning proclivity of a child, as well as extracurricular classes.
Academic hours in the basic school are distributed among fields of study and their content is determined in the basic curriculum approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, standard curricula developed by the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine, working curricula of general educational institutions, and so on.
Basic curriculum. The basic curriculum of the basic school has two components: invariable and variable.
General educational institutions with teaching in national minority languages, specialized schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, and colleges are allowed to increase the study load limit for the account of the overall study limit to a level not exceeding the sanitary and hygienic standards.
The educational level of graduates of general educational institutions of the ІІ accreditation level is controlled through state final examinations. The content, forms, procedure, and schedule of such annual examinations are determined on an annual basis and approved by the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine.
Graduate. A graduate of a basic school (9-year pupils) receives a certificate of basic general secondary education and supplement to it specifying the scores earned for educational achievements. For excellent academic achievements, graduates are awarded certificates of a basic general secondary education with distinction.
Graduates who fail an examination in at least one subject receive school report cards. Pupils who fail to obtain an education-confirming document may continue studying externally.
Graduates of specialized schools (boarding schools) for children requiring physical and/or mental development correction receive certificates of completion of a specialized school (boarding school).
A certificate of a basic general secondary education entitles its holder to enrollment in a 3rd accreditation level school, vocational-technical educational institution, or institution of higher learning of the I-II accreditation levels.
ENIC-NARIC NETWORK
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- Published on Wednesday, 25 January 2012 12:56
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The ENIC-NARIC Network is a network of national information centers of academic recognition and mobility (ENIC Network). It was established in 1994 by the Council of Europe and UNESCO for creating and adopting a single European diploma and qualification recognition policy and practice.
The ENIC Network works in close cooperation with the network of national recognition information centers of the European Union (NARIC Network) whose operation is supported by the European Commission in the person of the Director General for Education and Culture.
Additional information is available on the indicated website.
Structure and Tasks
The ENIC information network consists of national information centers of the countries-signatories of the European Cultural Convention and countries within the European region of UNESCO. An ENIC center is an organization created by the national government of each country.
Such centers in different countries may differ in terms of size or competence, but they are required to provide information regarding the following issues:
- recognition of foreign diplomas, academic degrees, and qualifications;
- the education system in the country and other countries;
- and the possibility to obtain an education abroad, as well as other practical issues regarding mobility and recognition.
The potential clients of ENIC-NARIC are:
- students and their parents;
- employers;
- educational institutions;
- representatives of ministries dealing with higher education issues;
- and other concerned persons and organizations.
Students contemplating studying abroad are strongly advised to find the necessary information before they make their final decision to make sure that the diploma/qualification they will obtain will be recognized in their home country.
The ENIC Network representatives convene annually for a general meeting to discuss academic recognition and mobility issues. In the periods between such meetings, working groups work on specific problems. The ENIC Network plays an important role in the exchange of education-related information among national centers, which helps in resolving issues associated with the recognition of education-confirming documents.
The ENIC Network board convenes 2-3 times a year.
Activities of Working Groups
Current policy and information activity issues within the ENIC Network are addressed by the working groups, which later present their positions on the issues before annual meetings of the Network. The subjects falling within the purview of the working groups include:
- recognition problems in the Bologna Process;
- translational education;
- Diploma Supplement;
- evaluation criteria and procedures for foreign qualifications and periods of studing;
- qualifications for international access to education, Europe-USA;
- mutual recognition of qualifications; and
- electronic recognition information.
ELEMENTARY SECONDARY EDUCATION
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Elementary secondary education is the initial stage in the child’s intellectual, physical, and social development. In the elementary school, children acquire their first life experience – the ability to study and behave in specific social and natural environments.
Duration. In Ukraine, elementary schooling takes four years. Children who have reached the age of six by September 1 and have no contraindications against systematic study according to the results of medical and psychological examinations are eligible for elementary school.
Educational institutions. Children acquire an elementary education in general educational institutions of the 1st accreditation level that operate independently or as part of general educational institutions of the 1st-2nd and 1st-3rd accreditation levels.
Prior to the secondary school, every child is required to acquire a basic preschool education in a pre-school educational institution, courses organized within a school, or in the family.
Knowledge assessment. Teachers measure the knowledge of the first-year pupils verbally in an informal manner. But starting from the next year and on, their knowledge will be measured on a 12-point scale, with marks ranging from 1 to 12 awarded.
In view of the applicable sanitary and hygienic regulations, a class hour in an elementary school takes 35 minutes in the first year, and 40 minutes in the second through four years. An elementary school operates five days a week. However, specialized schools with intensive foreign language classes for younger children may have a 6-day academic week.
The general principles of elementary education are reflected in the basic curriculum of elementary education.
Curriculum. Proceeding from the basic curriculum, the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine develops standard curricula for general educational institutions. In the standard curricula, the content of the fields of study is presented in the form of school subjects and courses of the invariable component. Based on the standard curricula, educational institutions prepare working curricula on an annual basis in which they concretize the variable component of elementary education, taking into account the organizational specifics of the academic process.
Graduation. The fourth year is the graduation year in the elementary school. It ends in state examinations to measure the educational achievements of the graduates, most often in the Ukrainian language or language of study, reading and mathematics. The content, forms, procedure, and schedule of such annual examinations are determined on an annual basis and approved by the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports of Ukraine.
The educational results of the elementary school are:
- full-fledged verbal, reading, computational skills and physical abilities;
- general view of the real world;
- sufficiently developed thinking, imagination, memory, and sensor abilities;
- creative ability;
- attitude to work, art, and health as values; and
- ability to perform simple creative tasks.
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- Published on Saturday, 14 January 2012 10:47
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NATIONAL INFORMATION CENTER OF ACADEMIC MOBILITY
The National Information Center of Academic Mobility was established in 2011 by Resolution No 924 of the Cabinet of Ministers, dated August 31, 2011. The functions of the National Information Center of Academic Mobility are now delegated to the State Enterprise Information and Image Center of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.
The central tasks of the Center are to:
- ensure free access of concerned bodies and the countries-signatories of the Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region to information regarding the specifics of the national system of education integration into the European academic environment;
- provide citizens and concerned bodies with information and explanations as regards academic mobility and recognition of documents confirming education;
- verify the authenticity of documents confirming education issued by educational institutions in Ukraine and other countries;
- organize expert examinations to establish equivalency of qualifications awarded in accordance with education confirming documents issued by educational institutions in other countries;
- take part in the preparation of drafts of bilateral and/or multilateral inter-governmental qualification recognition agreements;
- carry out measures to promote on foreign markets the academic services provided by Ukrainian educational institutions, specifically to persuade foreign citizens to come to Ukraine for a higher education;
- take part in international exchange programs for pupils, students, and postgraduates;
- provide organizational support for study, internship, or professional advancement of the Ukrainian citizens in the educational institutions of other countries.
Apart from these tasks, the Center acts on behalf of Ukraine within the operational framework of the international network of European national information centers for academic recognition and mobility (hereinafter referred as the information network), in particular:
- implementing the “single window” principle in practice to provide information about national education legislation, qualification-awarding procedure, accreditation status of Ukrainian educational institutions, licensing of academic services, issuance of education-confirming documents and confirmation of their authenticity;
- performing real-time information exchange within the information network to ensure the effective operation of the recognition mechanism of education-confirming documents issued in Ukraine and other Convention signatory countries;
- taking part in information and research programs, workshops and other events held within the information network, considering the introduction of the latest academic mobility standards developed by Convention signatory countries.
This website offers information about the education system in Ukraine: its structure, knowledge assessment system, licensing and accreditation of local institutions of higher learning, and the regulatory framework governing the education sector. The website also has a list of Ukrainian institutions of higher learning and specimens of Ukrainian education confirming documents of various times on display.
We will be glad to answer any questions you may have about the education system in Ukraine.